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Perceivable
WCAG 1.1.1
Level A

What is Meaningful Image Alt Text?

Alt text should describe the meaning, purpose, or function of an image rather than just naming it.

Good alt text helps screen reader users understand why an image is on the page and what information it adds.

Screen reader users who rely on text alternatives.
Users with low vision who may miss visual details.
Keyboard users navigating linked images and icons.

Improves Accessibility
Boosts Discoverability
Better User Experience
Supports Compliance

Good vs Bad Alt Text Examples

Use the tabs to compare descriptive and vague alt text patterns.

Apple photo with descriptive alt text

Fresh red apple on a wooden table

html

<img src="/assets/images/principals/apple.jpg" alt="Fresh red apple on a wooden table" />

Why this is correct:

Describes the image in a meaningful way.
Gives screen reader users useful context.
Avoids vague or generic wording.

Linked logo with action-oriented alt text

Go to home page

html

<a href="/home"><img src="/assets/images/principals/file.svg" alt="Go to home page" /></a>

Why this is correct:

Describes the link destination rather than only the image type.
Helps users understand what action the link performs.
Works well for keyboard and screen reader users.

Implementation Checklist

Progress0 / 6 completed (0%)

Alt text describes the image's meaning or purpose.
Generic labels like image or photo are avoided unless needed.
Linked images describe the destination or action.
Decorative images use empty alt text and are skipped by screen readers.
Complex visuals include short alt plus nearby supporting text.
Alt text is reviewed with keyboard and screen reader testing.

Knowledge Check

Answer Yes or No to test your understanding of meaningful alt text.

Score: 0 / 5 · Answered: 0 / 5

Should alt text describe what the image means, not just what it is?

Is alt="image" a strong description for a meaningful photo?

Should a linked logo describe the action or destination?

Do decorative images need meaningful alt text?

Should filenames like apple.jpg be used as alt text?